Baker s oven



(No Model.)

J H E BAK (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2. J. H. EISENHART.

BAKHR'S OVEN.

Patented Apr. 8,1890.

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3 sheetse-sheet 3.

BAKBRS OVEN;

(No Model.)

Patented Apr. 8. 1890.

'rllvif l UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

JOHN HOLLOWELL EISENHART, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

BAKERS OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 425,307, dated April 8, 1890.

Application filed July 22, 1889. Serial No. 318,246- (ll'o model.)

' To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN HOLLOWELL EIsENnAR'r, a citizen of the United States, residing at Denver, in the county of Arapahoe and State of Colorado, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bakers Ovens; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in bakers ovens and in the furnaces used in connection therewith.

The invention consists in the peculiar combinations and in the novel construction, arrangement, and adaptation of parts, all as more fully hereinafter described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and then specificall y defined in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification, like letters of reference indicating like parts throughout the several views, and in which drawings Figure 1 is a perspective View of a bakeoven and furnace embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a section on line a; a; of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on line z of Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line a a of Fig. 2, looking down. Figs. 6, '7, and 8 are details more particularly hereinafter referred to.

Reference now being had to the details of the drawings by letter, A designates the bake oven, which is rectangular in form, and is constructed, preferably, of either brick or stone.

The baking chamber or oven proper B is separated from the lower portion of the structure by means of a horizontal partition or floor B, and an opening or doorway 15 is provided at the front of the oven, through which access may be had to the baking-chainber. This doorway is provided with a vertically-sliding door B the movement of which is controlled by means of a counter-weight B as is common in this class of doors.

The lower portion of the structure, which is provided with a suitable door 0, is designed for use as a yeast-chamber, and to this end suitable shelves 0 are provided around its inner sides.

D and D are substantial walls of either brick or stone, built within the structure and adjacent to one of its front corners, as shown, the outer face of the wall D being in contact with the inner face of the end wall, and is provided with a vertical flue D comm unicating by means of a horizontal flue at its base with the ash-pit D Said flue D is extended through the roof of the oven and is provided with a sliding damper D having an operating slide or handle at the front of the structure, as shown at D The inner end of the wall D is built, as shown, so as to present the inclined face D, extending or inclined at an angle of about forty-five degrees, as best seen in Fig. 5, for the purpose hereinafter described.

The wall D is built with its front end in contact with the inner face of the front wall of the oven, and the vertical face of the wall adjacent to the wall D is parallel with the vertical inner face of the wall D, the two walls' being separated a sufficient distance to receive the furnace, as will be hereinafter explained. The outer vertical face of the wall D is curved, as shown at D for the purpose described.

E is the furnace, which is constructed of a series of sections E, of tiles or other suitable substance, the adjacent edges of the sections being provided with tongue-and-groove connections, as shown, so as to secure a perfect joint and prevent the opening of passages for the passage of heat from the furnace, which would occur in other forms of joint in case of chipping or breaking of the adjacent edges of the sections.

The rear tiles, forming the side walls of the furnace, are provided with vertical slots E within which work the edges of the damper E said damper being operated by the handle E at the front of the oven through the means of the chain E and pulley E.

The top of the furnace is oval in form and IOO is composed of a series of sections F, having surface G.

G is a flue constructed within the wall- G and communicating with the lower portion of the baking-chamber at a point near the side wall of said chamber and with the chimney H at the top of the wall, and is controlled by means of a sliding damper H operated by the handle 11 at the front of the oven.

The entrances to the furnace, yeast-chamber, and ash-pit are provided with necessary doors I, I, and I In operation, the direct flue from the fur naoe having been opened, a fire is started in the furnace. After the fire has burned for a sufficient length of time to thoroughly heat the furnace and adjoining walls the direct fine is closed by means of its sliding damper and the damper E at the rear end of the furnace is opened, thus allowing the heat to pass directly from the furnace into the bake-oven, where the contour of the walls of the chamber,

as described, will cause the heat to evenly distribute itself throughout the chamber. Entering the flue G it passes off through the said fine, as will be readily understood.

It will be seen that by the construction shown a free distribution of heat and an even temperature may be at all times maintained Within thebaking-chamber, the furnace may at any time be entirely shut off from communication with the oven, or it may be partly closed, when desired. The inclined wall D serves to fill the space between the combustion-chamber and the side of the oven. The wall D thickened at the end nearest the door,

serves to prevent the direct radiation of the heat from the combustion-chamber to the door of the oven, and without which the heat at the door of the oven would be so great as to render it very disagreeable in inserting and removing the articles to be or those that have been baked. The inclined or oblique position of the combustion-chamber relative to the sides of the oven is to direct the products of combustion to the central rear portion of the oven, so that when deflected the heat will be more evenly distributed throughout the oven.

The arrows in Fig. 5 illustrate the manner in which the heat is deflected to cause the same to be more evenly distributed throughout the oven.

Then the contents of the oven have been fully baked, the same may be removed from the even without the necessity of dumping or extinguishing the fire in the furnace, and the extra heat is thus reserved for use in reheating the oven.

The ashes may be removed from the ashpit without danger of ashes or dust entering the oven by simply closing the flues leading from the furnace and opening the damper in the flue communicating with the ash-pit.

The proximity of the ash-pit to the yeast chamber enables me to heat the said chamber to a sufficient degree of temperature for use in raising the bread within the chamber directly from the ash-pit.

What I claim to be new is 1. The combination, with the oven, of the furnace arranged within the same near one corner thereof, the vertical flue D between the furnace and the side wall of the oven at the corner in which the furnace is located, and a sliding damper to said flue operated from outside of the oven, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with the oven and the furnace arranged within the same near one corner thereof, of the flue D between the furnace and the side wall of the oven at the corner in which the furnace is located and communieating at its base with the ash-pit by a horizontal flue, and a sliding damper to the flue D substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

. JOHN IIOLLOWELL EISENHART.

Witnesses:

JAMES TAIT, ROBERT MORRIS. 

